Quadratic Formula Calculator

  1. Equation: x² − 5x + 6 = 0
  2. Discriminant Δ = b² − 4ac = -5² − 4(1)(6) = 1
  3. Two real roots: x = (−b ± √Δ) / (2a)
  4. x₁ = 3, x₂ = 2
x = 3, 2
PropertyValue
Equationx² − 5x + 6 = 0
Discriminant Δ1
Root x13
Root x22
Vertex(2.5, -0.25)
Axis of symmetryx = 2.5
Y-intercept(0, 6)

ax² + bx + c = 0

The Quadratic Formula

A quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0 (with a ≠ 0) has at most two real roots. The quadratic formula x = (−b ± √Δ) / (2a) finds them, where the discriminant Δ = b² − 4ac determines the nature of the roots.

If Δ > 0, two distinct real roots exist — for example x² − 5x + 6 = 0 gives Δ = 1, x = 2 or x = 3. If Δ = 0, one repeated real root: x² − 4x + 4 = 0 gives x = 2 twice. If Δ < 0, roots are complex conjugates: x² + 1 = 0 gives x = ±i.

The vertex of the parabola y = ax² + bx + c occurs at x = −b/(2a). Substituting back gives the y-coordinate. The axis of symmetry is the vertical line x = −b/(2a). The y-intercept is simply (0, c).

Step-by-step working shows the discriminant calculation and root formula substitution. The parabola diagram plots y = ax² + bx + c with real roots, vertex, and axis marked when applicable.

Enter coefficients a, b, and c to solve any quadratic instantly — ideal for algebra classes, physics projectile equations, and optimization problems.

Examples

ExampleResult
x² − 5x + 6 = 0x = 2, 3
x² + 1 = 0x = ±i
x² − 4x + 4 = 0x = 2 (double)
2x² + 3x − 2 = 0x = 0.5, −2

Frequently asked questions

The equation is not quadratic. a must be non-zero for this formula to apply.

As a ± bi, for example 0 + 1i and 0 − 1i for x² + 1 = 0.

Δ > 0: two real roots. Δ = 0: one repeated root. Δ < 0: two complex roots.

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